Azerbaijan–Kazakhstan
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan have developed strong bilateral ties. Sharing a common maritime border along the center of the Caspian Sea, the Parties signed an agreement in 2001 officially establishing the 78 nautical mile long boundary. Delimited as a median line dividing the seabed and subsoil of the Caspian Sea, the boundary starts in the northwest at a tripoint with Russia and continues southeast until ending at a point where the rights of Turkmenistan would soon come into play.
In addition to Azerbaijan’s and Kazakhstan’s own bilateral negotiations, all five of the littoral countries of the Caspian Sea were involved in discussions over the legal status of this body of water. In 2018, a multi-state agreement was signed by all five countries, which introduced a new legal regime for the Caspian Sea.
Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan have sought to increase military and economic cooperation to limit Russian influence in their States. The possession of hydrocarbons and their geographic positioning along vital trade routes has been crucial to both States in promoting commercial activity with China, Turkey and even the United States.
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