The territorial sea boundary between Romania and Ukraine was initially defined in 1949 between Romania and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Ukraine gained independence in 1991 after the dissolution of the USSR. Twelve years later, the final portion of its territorial sea boundary with Romania was finalized in 2003, while the continental shelf/exclusive economic zone border remained in dispute. This conflict was ultimately resolved in 2009, when the International Court of Justice handed down a judgment in the case brought before it by Romania. The boundary, as set out by the Court, begins at the terminal point of the Parties’ agreed territorial sea boundary and forms an all-purpose delimitation for both the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf.