The de facto international boundary between Egypt and the western Palestinian territory of Gaza follows the frontier that was first delimited in 1906 by the British and Ottoman Empires. The thirteen kilometer (eight mile) border extends from the Mediterranean Sea to a de facto tripoint with Israel. Since the exit of the two empires in the twentieth century, the status of, and control over, the Egypt–Gaza boundary has been tumultuous. While Palestine does not dispute the location of the boundary, it does not recognize the validity of the agreements used to define the location of the frontier since it has not been party to any of them.

The boundary delimitation was most recently confirmed in the 1979 Peace Treaty between Egypt and Israel, to which Palestine was not a party. In 2005, Israel disengaged from Gaza, and since then the boundary has been maintained by Egypt and Hamas, the de facto governing authority in Gaza. Despite the official disengagement, Israel still maintains a significant amount of control over Gaza’s boundaries and is largely considered by the international community to be an occupying force.