The maritime boundary between Cuba and the United States was established through a bilateral agreement that was reached in 1977. The final boundary delimitation was a compromise line effectively dividing the maritime area that was located between two variants of the equidistance methodology. This compromise line has been observed by the Parties since 1978, but it has not yet been ratified.

In 2017, Cuba and the United States agreed to a short, two-point extension of their maritime boundary into the extended continental shelf (or Eastern Gap) in the eastern Gulf of Mexico/America. This new Agreement has also yet to be ratified.

The maritime boundary now extends from a provisional tripoint with the Bahamas in the east for 313 nautical miles, dividing the continental shelf and exclusive economic zones of the Parties, and an additional 30 nautical miles through the extended continental shelf to the tripoint with Mexico.